UNIT XI

FUTURE PERFECT TENSE

(Bentuk akan datang telah selesai)

A.    Penggunaan

Untuk menyatakan suatu kejadian/ peristiwa yang akan sudah selesai dilakukan / dikerjakan di waktu mendatang.

B.     Keterangan waktu

-          By …

(8 o’clock tomorrow …)

(3 o’clock next …)

(this time tomorrow …)

(the beginning of next)

(the end of next …)

-          by now

-          by next

C.    Susunan kalimat

1. Positive (+)

(+) Subject + will/shall + have + V III

Subject	shall/will	have	Verb III	Object
I	Shall	have	written	a story
You			bought	a shirt
We	will		cleaned	the room
They			played	tennis
He			gone	to school
She			given	a present
It			swum	very fast

2. Negative (-)

(-) Subject + will/shall + not + have + V III

Subject	shall/will	not	have	Verb ing	Object
I	Shall	not	have	writing	a story
You				buying	a shirt
We	will			cleaning	the room
They				playing	tennis
He				going	to school
She				giving	a present
It				swimming	very fast

3. Interrogative (?)

(?) Will/Shall + Subject + have + V III ?

shall/will	Subject	have	Verb III	Object
Shall	I	have	written	a story?
	We		bought	a shirt?
Will	You		cleaned	the room?
	They		played	tennis?
	He		gone	to school?
	She		given	a present?
	It		swum	very fast?

Future Perfect Tense

I will have sung

The future perfect tense is quite an easy tense to understand and use. The future perfect tense talks about the past in the future.

How do we make the Future Perfect Tense?

The structure of the future perfect tense is:

subject	+	auxiliary verb WILL	+	auxiliary verb HAVE	+	main verb
		invariable		invariable		past participle
		will		have		V3

Look at these example sentences in the future perfect tense:

	subject	auxiliary verb		auxiliary verb	main verb
+	I	will		have	finished	by 10am.
+	You	will		have	forgotten	me by then.
-	She	will	not	have	gone	to school.
-	We	will	not	have	left.
?	Will	you		have	arrived?
?	Will	they		have	received	it?

In speaking with the future perfect tense, we often contract the subject and will. Sometimes, we contract the subject, will and have all together:

I will have	I'll have	I'll've
you will have	you'll have	you'll've
he will have she will have it will have	he'll have she'll have it'll have	he'll've she'll've it'll've
we will have	we'll have	we'll've
they will have	they'll have	they'll've

 

We sometimes use shall instead of will, especially for I and we.

How do we use the Future Perfect Tense?

The future perfect tense expresses action in the future before another action in the future. This is the past in the future. For example:

• The train will leave the station at 9am. You will arrive at the station at 9.15am. When you arrive, the train will have left.

The train will have left when you arrive.
past	present	future
		Train leaves in future at 9am.
9 9.15
		You arrive in future at 9.15am.

Look at some more examples:

• You can call me at work at 8am. I will have arrived at the office by 8.
• They will be tired when they arrive. They will not have slept for a long time.
• "Mary won't be at home when you arrive."
  "Really? Where will she have gone?"

You can sometimes think of the future perfect tense like the present perfect tense, but instead of your viewpoint being in the present, it is in the future:

present perfect tense				future perfect tense
	| have | done | > |					will | have | done | > |
past	now	future		past	now	future